Method for establishing oscillations and mechanism therefor



J. F. PERKINS AND {.AC. WOOD,

METHOD FOR ESTABLISHING OSCILLATIONS AND MECHANISM THEREFOFL APPLICATION FILED APRIQ, I9I5.

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I. F. PERKINS AND E. DI II/DDDx IVIITIIOD FOR ESTABLISHING OSCILLATVIONS AND IIIICHANISIII TIIEIIEFOR.

APPLICATION FILED APR. 9 1915A mmm@ 8 SHEETS-SHLET 2.

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FIIU I II I J. F. PERKINS AND E. C. WOOD. METHOD FOR ESTABLISHING osmLLATloNs AND MECHANISM THEREFOR.

APPLICATION FILED AFR 9,-1915.

Patented Sept. 30, 1919.

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l. F. PERKINS AND E. C. WOOD.

METHGD FOR ESTABLISHING OSCILLATIONS MID MECHANISM THEREFOR. APPLICATION man APR.' .915.

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1. F. PERKINS AND E. C. WOOD. METHODFOR ESTABLISHING OSCILLATIONS AND MECHANISM THEREFOR.

APPLICATION FILED APR. 9,. m5.

l ,3 l X l G Patented Sept. 30, 1919.

8 SHEETS-'SHEET 5.

APPLICATION FILED APR. 9 1915.

Fatemlede'pt. 30, 1919.

8 SHEETS-SHEET 6.

WIW-H555 E5 JM.. o @L J. F. PERKINS AND E. C. WOOD. METHOD FOR ESTABLISHING osCrLLATIoNs AND MECHANISM THEREFOR.

Patented Sept. 30, 1919.

8 SHEETS-SHEET 7.

Ff EL f3- J. F. PERKINS AND E. C. WOOD. METHOD FOR ESTABLISHING OSCLLATIONS AND MECHANISNI THEREFOR. APPLICATION FILED APR.9,1915.

1958 l 7 9231. '6. lm-emvedepr. :50, 1919.

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JOHN FORBES PERKINS, or MILTON, AND EDWARD o. wooD, OF sOMEIwIILLD, MAssA- cHUsDTTs, AssIGNOizsTo suinvIAIaIND sIGNAI. eoivIrANY, or PORTLAND, MAINE,

A CORPORATION or MAINE.

METHOD Fon. Es'r'ADDI'sIIING OsoILLATIONs AND. MEcHANIsM THEREIOB.

: WOOD, of Somerville, in the county of MiddleseX and said State, have inventedy a newy and useful Improvement in Methods for Establishing Oscillations and Mechanism Therefor, of which the following is a speciication. K

Our invention relates especiallyto the set- A. [ti-ng up of vibrations in a vibratory body f and is especially adapted for use in. submarine signaling although it has other uses. Its particular purpose is thesetting of "vibrations ina vibrator under conditions'.

such that any desired rate of vibration may be secured. It consists in its preferred form in establishing a series of freely movable magnetic fields all acting uponan oscillatory `conductor which hasa limited movement controlled both by the magnetic fields and the vibrator, being connected to the vi brator in such a way-'that with each movement of the ,conductor in one direction the vibrator is given a pull and its consequent increasing stress gradually overcomes the force ofthe magnetic fields acting on the conductor and gives-it a return oscillation.

-Tlie vibrator may be a diaphragm, a part of the skin of the ship, a vibratoryfreed, a

timing fork,l etc. f

i To describethe invention the specific concrete form-shown herein, the conductor is A caused to move in one direction by the passing of magnetic elds which as they approach the conductor, give it a movement against the stress of a diaphragm'or vibrator which it pulls during this movement,

j 40 the vibrator yielding according -to its elas- -ticityg the vibrator, however, tendsto react with increasing force and as the magnetic `'fields pass the conductor which is under this restraint, thel pullingl effect of the magnetic force acting on the conductor'is.

gradually overcome because of vits construcy tion'as below described and the conductor returns to its original position and swings beyond it when it is again acted upon in a Our invention will be understood by' reference to the drawings in which- Figure l shows a planof the mechanism I .embodying our invention.

`JoHNFoRBns PER- of the invention.

y Spe'ciication of Letterslatent. )Patend Sept, 31)', 919, Appiicatien mea Aprii- 9, 1915. semi No.` 20,330. v

Fig. 2 is a longitudinal section on the line 2 2 of F'i`g. 1 lookingin the direction of the Yarrow and including also the circuits, the sectionv through the electro-magnet'being taken to showv the lower coils in eleva tion. f

Fig. 3 is afsection on the line 3 3 Vof 2; l l Fig. 4c is an end View of the apparatus. Fig. 5 is a section on the line; 5 5 of Fig.

Fig. 6 is an elevation of thersecondary or oscillator l proper, l and Fig. Z1 shows .an application of the in vention to submarine signaling on shipboard.

F ig.y 8 shows another application of thev invention wherein .a reed 'is substituted a diaphragm. l y 1 Figs. 9, 10 and llare detailsv thereof Fig. 12 is an end view of a modified form for Fig. 13 is a longitudinal section thereof.

` Fig. 14 is a side'el'evation of this form of;

conductor showing the conductor circuit.

Fig. 1 5 Is an lend View showing the 'conductor in place, the plate B3' and the ringv R6 being" removed, and' f Fig. 16 is a diagrammatic projection showing the circuit.

In the form 0f our invention shown in Figs. l to 7; inclusive A is the base on which is mounted vat one end a motor AI the Ashaft a of which'is connected by any suitable coupling al with the shaft A2 The shaft-Az issupported in bearings on-posts A3 mounted on the table A. l A

The vfield comprises four sets of e1ectromagnets, two outer 'setsand two inner sets, all mounted on hubs B,C keyed .to the shaft A2 `to rotate therewith and forming what may be termed 'a rotor. The cores B1, B2,

Cl, C2 are preferably laminated to avoideddy curr'entsand radiate from the hubs B and C. The cores'Bl, 'B2 are separated by i an air gap as are the cores C1, C2, and in the air gap lies the conductor D which i's' of coresBfpC; projecting from hubs B11,

C11l (see Fig. 3). The. requisite number of sheets to: form thecoresBz, C1 are aiiixed tothe sleeves Bland C, respectively. Each -sleeve B, .C carries a recessed flange B3, C3 and the parts B11, C11 connecting the outer -sets of cores B1, C1"are bolted to the peripheries of the plates B3, C3 through Aclamping rings b', c;

Around each core is Wound a coil E, E1,

E2, E3, the adjacent coils being so Wound.

and connected that north and south poles Will alternate around the machine, and the J north poles ofthe outerset of electro-mag-- nets Will be opposite the south poles of the 1 inrersct,'and vice versa, as Will be underpoles are Stood from Fig. 3 Where the north marked N and the south poles S.

Connections are ,madefrom a source of direct current by means of the Wires F, F1, the wire F, for example, being the positive lead and the Wire F1 being the negative.

yfrom this ring connection is made by means The Wire F connects vvith a brush f which contacts With a ring G mounted .upon an insulating plate H lon the flange B3 and `mounted on the insulated plate H. con tact with this ring G1 is a lbrush -g1 Whlch is' connected by the Wire e ,with a corresponding brush 11 at the other end of the instruV- ment in Contactvvith the ring G11 mounted on the insulated plate H1. The Wire 913 connects the ring G11 with the outer series of coils E2. As on the other side of the apparatus, the circuit 1s continued through the coils, inseries, first the outer set of c oils in this case and then by Wire 912 through the inner set E3 which are also inseries, and

` :by Wire g13 to the ring G10 and by brush g1 connected by the Wire 912.

each end ofthe electro-magnets aresup-` ported on insulating-v plates P mounted onl to the Wire closer. l L, l

The circuit through the coils 'E, E1 is not shown, but the' circuit through E3, E'is F32 and thence toA the circuit identical with it and is shown in Figs: 3

and 5 Where 'g1 represents the connection between thefginner coils E3 and g, the connec-l tion between the outer coils E2, the lead g15 connecting the outer coils E2 with the ringv G11 and the lead 913 connecting the inner The coils are.

coils E3 with the ring' G10. l

The brushes `at standards P1 on the pillars A3. i

The conductor D is shown in 'elevation in Fig. 6 and in section in Figs. 2, 3 and 5. t

iscylindrical in shape and cage like in charto turn on the hub D3.

israele acter comprisingtwo narrow end bands d1 and a broad central band d1, these bands being connected togetherby strips d2 vvhich lie longitudinali-yet the device and in line with the poles of the magnets. vThey are separated by openings d3. This conductor, as statedabove,'i`s mounted on spokes' D1 projectingi'rom the sleeve D2 which is free In practice this conductor is preferably connected mechanically as by a Wire or band J With theobject to be vibrated, for example, a diaphragm K as shown in F ig. 5, so that the conductor may be given by `the magnetic fields a vi- ,brated movement limited by 'the excursion of the diaphragm K or other loose member to Which it iS attached- As shown in Fig. 5 the band is attached to the secondary by bolts j and it may be attached to the dia.- phragm vin any4 convenient Way.

` In Fig, 7 is shown onejway of installing the invention as a signaling devices L. represents the Wall of a`shipl Which is perforated as at Z to allow the passage of the band J to the vibrator, in 'this case the diaphragm K, Whichis bolted through a ring K1 to the sidey of the ship making a Watertight connection. A' f As a simple means of closing the circuit through the rotor We have shown. a relay M having an4 armature M1 forming a circuit closer the terminals of Which are at m. A spring m1 keeps the armature. normally out of contact With the relay M. The Wire 'F branches, one portion going to theretary eld as above described and the other portion m2 passing around the relay to the F1. `Closing the key M2 energizes the electro-magnet M which closes the circuit at lts terminals m connecting the Wire F2 with `the wire F1. v

It will be seen that as `shown the strips cl3 of the conductor are even in number and are equal in number with the pole pieces of the fields. The polarity of the` pole pieces Ias larranged is indicated by the letters. N and S. The fields beingenergized and the rotor being rotated in the direction of the arrow by the motor A1 (Fig. 5)', each field Will tend to act upon the strip Z2 nearest it and pull the conductor against the stress of v.the vibrator. As that stress increases, hoW- ever,` so that its pull on the conductor becomes greater than that of the passing elds the conductor will gradually be released and tend to return to its normal position. IIts strips d2 will meet approaching elds which in passing Will carrythe conductor-along asbefore. When the openings d3 pass the ields the effect of the elds on the conductor Will be at a minimum.'

, In practice the rotor is rotated by the moi tor A1 which may be of any convenient type.

Direct-current being supplied to the circuit lOl) key M3 and then by the Wire m3 to the Wire' tor and when 'vibratedpn boardship belowY ythe'v water line, communication may be set up,

r; r1, ee., at @irai-f is noaa ty tte-key M2 and relay M, andthe fields are energized i causing the oscillating of the conductor and,

may be sent as will be easily understood as.'

the vibration'of thediaphragrn. With the opening of the key M2 the oscillations cease. The rate of -vibration and the consequent pitch'of signal will dependupon the speed of the rotor, which maybe Avaried'according to the number 'of vibrations des1red. By vmeans, of the key any'desire'd code messagethe vibrations of the diaphragm will only .take place when the eircuitis closed. Ihus the apparatusmay be adjusted -to deliver any number .ofvibrations by means of the vibrafor example, with any number of ships a the center of the reed N and-is held by a i eet, the various ships ofwhich have receiwv ing apparatus tuned to receive signals at different pitches.

Other means of installingthe invention as a` signaling device -is shown in Figs; 8 to 11. In thiscase instead of perforating theA wall of the ship L as l at-'Z in Fig. 7 areed -N" is attached to the frame inside the Ship and to this reed isattached the strap J by its threaded end jl and which passes through nut jz. y v

The reed N is preferably attached to the ship in the following manner: The reed N as shown is 'somewhat longer than the distance between the tw frames P and itis vprovided near each end-with aLpair oflugs preferably such as to damp the vibration of Jthe reed as `little as possible.

These lugs clamp the reed to the frames P in `such a way that the vibration of the reed shall be transmitted through the frame to the side of the ship and cause its vibration. We prefer that the lugs should'be angular in cross sectionso that their bearing edges, which are preferably knife edges, shall support the reed at its central plane. `Eaoh lug has a* part extending laterally from the reed as at n, a part. at rightangles thereto as at n? and a part n2 extending outwardly from. the part 'al and'parallel to the part One surface of ther-part n is a knife edge; one surface efthe part n2A is also -a knife edge, these lknife edgesv being substantially in line, the

edges being in'.l substantially the `central plane of the reed for the best results.

rlhe knife edges of parts'n rest onblocks PY, each supported on one of the frames Pl and the' 'knife edges of parts n2 lrest upon.

crossbars P2, the whole being firmly clamped in place against the frames P'by bolts p.

The" reed should beso proportioned and applied to the frames that their clamps are not at. a nodal point in order that a proper amount of .vibration may be ,given the frames and transmitted therefrom to the ships side. I

' geraete The strap attachment is at the center of the reed so that it willxbeset in vibration by the loscillations of the conductor D as inthe case where the diaphragm is used.

. It will be understood that for clearness theproportions of the parts have been somewhat exaggerated in the igures'illustrating this reed. And it will also be understood that' other means for` supporting and connecting the reed may be used. l 'I Another form' of oscillating conductor is y, shown in Figs.- 12 tofl. In thiscase instead ofa solid perforated'cage like the conductor y D the cage is made up of longitudinal bars R.- Each bar isconnectedy at one end by a segment R1 with the bar-Iil on one sidel ofit and at theother end by a segment Rz'with the bar R at the other side of it. One bar is'preferably divided into two `parts R'=, R4

to form terminals from which leads .1" runto a circuit closer R5 of the general character shown at M in Fig. 2,v this circuit closer be- I. ing operated by a local circuitcomprising a battery r1,.electr o1 nagnet o r solenoid r2, key r3 and conductor r4( shown diagrammatically in Fig. 16 where the conductor is also shown diagrammati- This conductor is mounted like the conf yductor D on spokes D1 projecting from the sleeve D2 free to turn on the shaft a. lIn

practice thebars R are preferably mounted on an insulated ring D4 which is carried by the `spokes D1, this construction keepingthe 'bars in proper relation to each other and properly insulated. In addition we prefer to provide a ring Rf" of insulating material at each end of the conductor to strengthen it.

The band J is connected to this. conductor vibrator. which as it gradually increases and-- becomes greater than the pull of thepass-f These'V circuits are ing fields, returns it to its original position to be acted upon by the next fields. 'The action in Athis case Lis the samefas in the case of the conductor D. Signals inl this case are closer R5 by means of the key r3, thus open-r ing the circuit through the conductor.

OurA device has other uses, its effectivenessv given byopening .and closingthe ycircuit .v

not being limited to submarine work, and the construction of the apparatus may be -varied considerably and still embody our invention, the present embodiment ibeing thepreferred form, the establishment f of the .fields'in connection with a rotary member or rotor being especially. convenient and,

economical.

While we prefer to-make the conductor of coppe, those skilled in the art will recognize 'member in contact with said liquid by establishing a series of magneticA fieldsand bringing them in ,turn into influencing relation to a non-magnetic 'member connected to said vibratory member whereby said non-magnet-ic member will be intermittently attracted and released to put under stress and release said vibratory member.

"2. In a machineof the kind described, a rotary member carrying magnets, a' conductor located in the magnetic fields of said magnets and adaptedto have a restricted movement, vsaid conductorcomprising strips of non-magnetic metal having insulating spacesv between them greater in area than vthe area of the faces of said magnets.

3. Ina machine of thekind described, a rotary member carrying -magnets,. a conductor located in the fields -of said magnets to beY influenced' thereby, said conductor having 'insulatingstrips located` about its periphery greater in area than itsconducting face, and means for limiting the movement of said conductor in itsiniiuenced direction.

4. In a vmachine ofthe kind described, a rotary member carrying magnets, a conductor mounted concentrically with said ro-' tary. member and locatedV -in the magnetic fields of said magnets to beinfluenced thereby, and means `f'or'limiting the -movement of said conductor in its influenced direction,

said means comprising a vibrating element g adapted to set up compressional waves.

5. -In a machine of-the kind described, a n, -vibratory `member,a rotary member carrying magnets, an oscillatorymember mounted coiicentr'ically With said rotary member and i in the fields of said magnets to be'influenced thereby and connected to .said vibratory member whereby the oscillatry'movement of said oscillatory member caused by said magnets will cause a vibratory movement' of said vibratoryy member. 1

6. In a machine of the described, a rotary member carrying vmagnets, a conductor mounted concentrically withl said rotary member and located in the magnetic fields of said magnets to be infiuenced there'- by, andl means for limiting the movement of v said conductor in its influenced, direction and for retracting it, said meanscomprising a vibrating-element adapted vto set up coinpressional wavesl v v 7.' In a machine of thelkind described, a rotary member carrying magnets, a conductor located inthe fields of said magets aar/,aie

to be infiuenced thereby, said conductor comprising conducting lstrips Separated 'from each other by insulating areas greater than Athe 'area of said conducting strips, and

means for limiting the movement of said conductor in its influenced direction and for retracting it, said means comprising a vibrator and-means for connecting said vibrator to said conductor.-

8. In aA machine of the kind described, a rotary member carrying magnets, a conductor located in the field of said magnets to be influenced thereby, said conductor coinprisingV conducting strips separated from each other by non-conducting -areas .greater than the area of said conducting strips, and

means lfor limiting the In'ovementof said conductor in its inuenced direction and for retracting' it, said vmeans comprising a lvibrator and means for connecting said vibra- .tor to said conductor, said vibrator being adapted to .send out .compressional vibrations.

9.y In amachineof the kindldesicribed, a 'l rotary member carrying magnets, a conduct-or mountedconce'ntrically withsaid ro-' tary member and llocated in the magnetic fields of said magnets to be influenced thereby, said conductor'havingalternate .strips and openings, said strips being narrower than said openings, and means'for'limiting the movement of said conductor in itsy iiiiiuenced direction and for retracting it, said means comprising a vibrator a'iid means for, connecting said vibrator to said conductor.

10. ln a machine of the kind described,

a vrotary 'member comprising an outer and' an inner set of magnets arranged concentrically, a conductor mounted between said outer and inner sets and concentrically therewith, having a capacity for movement in-` dependently of said rotary member, said conductor comprising alternate strips and openings, said strips being located to be energized by the fields -of said magnets, and the distance between said stripsl being wider than the faces of said magnets.

l1. In a machine of Athe kind described,

a rotor comprising a shaft and two members located to'turntherewith, each of said members comprising an outer and` an inner set of electro-magnets arranged concentrically ductor being located 'between the outer and inner sets of magnets of both members and 4comprising ai series of connected conducting strips and insulating spaces, said conductiV strips being located in the path of the fields of said magnets, and means for restricting and retracting the movement of said` con-4 ductor.`

.12.v As a means for vibrating a vibratory body, areed, means. for attaching it to a ioo about said, shaft, A and a conductor mounted f on said shaft .to have a capacity for movement independently of-said shaft, said con' 120 i' iso.

vibratory body, said means being located at vibratory body, said means being located at Vibratory points of said reed whereby the vibratory points in the centralplaneof, said vibration of Said reed will cause the vibrareed whereby the vibrations of said reed will 10 tion of said vibratory body, in combination cause the vibration of said vvibratory body, 5 with said vibratory body. in combination With said Vibratory body.

y 13. A s a means for vibrating a vibrabory ,JOHN FORBES PERKINS.

body, a, reed, means 'for attaching it to 'a 1 EDWARD C.' WOOD. 

